Examples of Lexical Loans

Lexical loans

A lexical loan occurs when speakers of one language use words from another language.

These words may be the same or slightly modified, but the meaning is usually the same or very similar. For example: parking (from the English "parking").

Also within the same language there are specialized lexicons, for example within the jargons of certain professions. The words used within a discipline can be popularized and taken in a different sense from the one that gave rise to it.
For example, the depression It is a mental illness with very specific characteristics and it is a word originating in the psychiatric field. However, we can say that a party is depressing if music is lacking or that a movie is depressive, without referring to the disease, but to the meaning we give it out of context psychiatric. This is also called a lexical loan. However, the term is used mainly for words taken from other languages, i.e. foreigners.

Types of lexical loans

Lexical loans can be:

It can serve you:

Examples of lexical loans

1. Park (adapted foreignism). It comes from the English word "park" which, in addition to "park", means to park.
2. Chalet (adapted foreignism). From the French "chalet", it refers to family homes that have an adjacent or surrounding garden, but that do not have an internal patio.
3. Eau de parfum (unadapted foreignness). These words are used in French to designate perfumes from any country of origin, in addition to differentiate it from "eau de toilette" which refers to a perfume of less intensity and less permanence in the skin.
4. Hardware (unadapted foreignness). They are the physical parts (materials) of a computer or any other computer system.
5. Holding company (unadapted foreignness). "Hold" in English means to hold, have or conserve. The word holding is used in Spanish (and many other languages) to refer to commercial companies that manage the properties of other companies.
6. Happy hour (semantic tracing). Literal translation of "happy hour". It refers to a period of the day when a commercial establishment offers special prices, mainly used for bars that offer significant discounts on their drinks.
7. Stalk (adapted foreignism). The English word “stalk” (which means to follow or harass) has been modified to respond to the form of the infinitives in Spanish
8. Iron curtain (semantic tracing). It is the translation of “Iron curtain”. It refers to a political and ideological barrier. It was an expression that was used during the Cold War, when most of the world was divided between capitalist countries and communist countries.

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