10 Examples of Magnetic Materials

The magnetic materials are those that naturally possess attractive or repulsive properties over others materials. For example: iron, nickel, cobalt, ferrite.

The phenomenon of attraction and repulsion between materials is called magnetism and is a part of the electromagnetism (the field of physics that combines electrical and magnetic phenomena). A magnetic field is a mathematical model that explains the magnetic interaction between electric currents and magnetic materials. Magnetism occurs when materials are under the influence of a magnetic field.

Magnetic materials have been studied by man since ancient times and today are used in numerous industrial and everyday applications. They are easily recognized as they respond to the presence of a magnet (in fact, they are used to build magnets) or an electromagnet (an electrical circuit capable of generating magnetic fields).

Types of magnetic materials

They know each other various types of magnetic materials, each one with a particular response to the stimuli of a magnetic field, and they are:

Finally, it should be clarified that practically all matter responds in some way to the presence magnetic forces, only it does not do it in the same way or with the same degree of intensity.

Examples of magnetic materials

1. Iron (Faith). It is the ferromagnetic material par excellence. It is an extremely abundant transition metal on the planet (the only metal more abundant than iron is aluminum). The core of the Earth is made of this metal in liquid state And, precisely, it is its movement that generates the magnetic poles of the planet that serve as compasses for its operation.
2. Cobalt (Co). It is a bluish-white metal with ferromagnetic properties, which is usually found together with nickel, both on earth and in iron meteorites. It presents numerous states of oxidation, which allow it to constitute various metallic compounds that at low temperatures Instead, they are shown as antiferromagnetic: cobalt (II) oxide (CoO) and dicobalt tetraoxide (Co3O4).
3. Nickel (Neither). It is a yellowish-white transition metal, it is very ductile and malleable and a great conductor of electricity and heat, so it is ferromagnetic at room temperature. In many cases, it shares characteristics with iron but is much more resistant to corrosion than iron.
4. Bismuth (Bi). It's a chemical element very scarce metallic, like silver. a It is one of the most strongly diamagnetic (resistant to magnetization) that exist, it is a poor conductor of electricity and heat, and in a magnetic field it can increase its electrical resistance, and be useful to measure the intensity of the forces in that field. countryside.
5. Germanium (Ge). It is a greyish-white semi-metal, resistant to acids and alkalis, which have the same crystal structure as diamond. Since its properties are considered intermediate between metals and non-metals, this element is diamagnetic, despite being a semiconductor of electricity.
6. Graphite (C). It is one of the forms of appearance of carbon (along with coal and diamond). It's black, shiny, bad driver of electricity and therefore diamagnetic, since it operates at best as a semiconductor.
7. Noble gases (halogens). They are a set of elements of the periodic table that have very low reactivity with any other substance, which is why they are often referred to as “inert”. Helium, argon, krypton, neon and others are some examples. In the presence of magnetic fields they are diamagnetic.
8. Magnesium (Mg). Although it is not found in free form in nature (but as part of other compounds (magnesium is a light metal, insoluble in water, silvery-white and highly flammable, which has paramagnetic properties.
9. Ferrite. Ferrite is a ceramic material that responds very strongly to magnetic fields, even more than iron, which allows its use to magnetize other materials and produce, for example, magnets.
10. Mild steel. Steel is a alloy iron with other metallic elements (such as nickel, cobalt or copper) or non-metallic elements (such as carbon or sulfur) and, therefore, retains many of its properties, depending on the percentage from mix that it exhibits. Mild steel contains carbon levels between 0.15 and 0.25%, that is, almost pure iron, and retains many of its ferromagnetic properties.

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